Coke oven



J. BECKER COKE OVEN Nov. 17, 1931.

Filed June 12, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet l B W W A TTORNEYS.

J. BECKER Nov. 17, 1931.

COKE OVEN Filed June 12, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 m m m in b w A TTORNEYS.

Nov. 17, 1931. J BECKER 1,832,612

COKE OVEN Filed June 12, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 A TTORNEYS.

NOV.. 17, 1931. K R 17,832,612

COKE OVEN Filed June 12, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 MVENZORZ A TTORNEYS.

J. BECKER Nov. 17, 1931.

COKE OVEN Filed June 12, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 NTOR M M m f hi ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 17, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT; OFFICE JOSEPH BECKER, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE KOPPERS COM- IPANY, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

OOKE OVEN Application filed June 12,

constructed the combustion flues of the heating wall discharge into a common flow and equalizer flue which in ovens with vertically flued heating walls is termed the horizontal flue. It follows that while the sides of that portion of the' heating wall occupied by the vertical flues are braced by the partition Walls which separate them the sides of that portion of the heating wall through which the horizontal flue passes are not so braced.

Therefore the elimination of'the horizontal flue from the heating wall would give the maximum strength to such wall.

My invention has for one of its objects to dispense with the horizontal flue with the heating wall and yet retain the equalizing capability of an oven provided wlth horizontal flues together with the capability of regulation of each combustion flue.

These results I accomplish by employing separate flow and equalizer ducts, the flow ducts being each individual to a combustion flue or -a unit comprising a limited number, preferably not over two, of such flues, whereby the flow duct for one combustion flue, or unit, will be separated from its neighbor by wall structure which serves to brace that portion of the wall against strain. I then preferably locate my equalizer passages or ducts, which in order to give added strength may permissibly be of less cross-sectional area than either the flow ducts alone or the combined flow and equalizer ducts of the prior art, in some portion of the brickwork where they will not tend to weaken the wall structure. It follows that the wall structure as a whole is strengthened and its permissible height increased. Moreover, by limiting my flue unit to a pair of flues for each flow duct, the latter beingconnected to the former half way between them, I am enabled to obtain symmetrical flow from each flue which facilitates regulation.

In applying my invention, for instance,

1926. Serial No. 115,445.

to an oven of the so-called cross-over type, I may connect the flues in different walls to each other individually, or in units, as hereinbefore indicated, by individual connecting flow ducts and may interconnect the several sets of flues, or units, thus connected, by equalizer passages located at any one of a plurality of points between them. Thus, for instance, I may connect those flow ducts lying between successive oven feed openings by an equalizer passageway located in the crown of the oven whereby a single equalizer passageway serves for flues in both of the interconnected walls, and I may then complete the equalization of the several groups lying respectively between successive feed openings by connecting the groups-on opposite sides of a feed opening by equalizer passageways lying within the respective heating walls and extending between adjacent flow ducts of said groups, at the level of the ordinary horizontal flue, or, between the adjacent inspection passages of the res ective groups at or below the level of the 'ighest portion of the crossover duct, or, the respective groups may be connected by equalizing passages between the tops of their adjacent flues lying on opposite sides of the respective feed openings, or I may connect all of the flues in the latter manner, dispensing with other wall equalizer connections.

.As a further highly important feature of my invention -I provide for equalization betweeen alljof the flow groups .of the entire battery. -This I may accomplish by providing equalizing connections longitudinally of the battery between the several transversely equalized sets of flues. These connections may conveniently be located in the oven top extending between equalizing passages of the wall groupsor between the several crossover flow ducts themselves, and preferably at normally equi-pressure points in the latter. Further, such connection may be made to each crossover flow duct or may be made at selected intervals transversely of the battery.

In addition to the general features and objects of the invention above recited the invention has such other improvements or advantages in construction and operation as are found to obtain in the structure and devices hereinafter described or claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification and showing for purposes of exemplifieation a preferred form and manner in which the invention may be embodied and practiced, but without limiting the claimed invention specifically to such illustrative instance or instances:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of a portion of the battery on the hue 1-1 of Fig. 3,

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectlon of a portion of the battery on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a vertical section transverse of the battery through a heating wall and regenerator chambers on the line 33 of i 1 Fig.1 is a longitudinal vertical section of a portion of the battery on the line 4 1 of Fig. 6 showing a modified form of my invention Fig. 5 is a horizontal section of a portion of the battery on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4,

Fig. 6 is a vertical section transverse of the battery through a heating wall androgenerator chambers on the line 6-6 of Flg. l,

Figs. 7 and 8 are fragmentary vertical sections of an oven wall transversely of the battery showing further modified forms of equalizer connections between the main groups shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, and

Figs. 9 and 10 are similar views showing the same modifications applied to the individual crossovers of Figs. 4, 5 and 6.

The same characters of reference indicate the same parts in each of the several figures of the drawings.

Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings there are illustrated views of a coke oven battery or plant of the crossover type comprising a plurality of crosswise elongated heating walls 11 and a plurality of intermediate crosswise elongated vertical coking chambers 12 beneath which are the usual heavy or supporting pillar walls 13 and regenerator chambers 14 provided with the usual brickwork and communicating with the fiues of the heating walls through ducts 15. There are also provided coke oven gas ducts 16, it being understood that the oven is operable alternatively on producer gas mtroduced through the appropriate regenerators of the regenerative system or by coke oven gas through the ducts 16. Each coking chamber 12 is provided with the usual feed openings 18 and each heating wall is divided by a central partitgon wall 19 so that the two halves of the bat iery may operate in parallel to each other.

Each heating wall 11 is provided with a plurality of vertical combustion or heating fiues 20 formed by partition walls 21 extending between the sides 22 of said walls. It will readily appear that these partitions 21 serve to brace the sides 22 of the wall. Each fine is provided with a port 23 in its top whose effective cross-sectional area may be regulated by a sliding brick 24 through an inspection opening 25.

In accordance with'my present invention as exemplified in the form shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, I provide an individual crossover duct 30 for each of the consecutive pairs of fines 20 where a sufficient number of such flues lie between consecutive feed openings to constitute pairs and where, as shown at 20.' a single heating flue is segregated by afeed opening I provide an individual crossover duct 30 for such fiue. It will be understood that both the pairs of fines and the single fines of a. given heating wall are connected by the respective crossovers to similar pairs of fiues or single fines respectively in an opposite wall although it will be clear that these crossovers, if desired. may connect with similar flues in other than the opposite wall and still lie within the spirit of my invention. Each fine of a pair of heating fines 20 communicates with the common crossover duct 30 for that pair through its port 23 and a horizontal flow passageway 31 extending between the ports of that pair to the center of which the crossover duct is connected in order that the fiow from the respective flues of a pair to the crossover duct may be along symmetrical paths thus tending to equalize the flow. As will appear from an inspection of the drawings the crossover duct-s for the several pairs of heating fines in a given half of the heating wall will be formed into groups each group comprising those crossover ducts lying between consecutive feed openings 18 or between a feed opening next the center and the central partition wall 19, or between a feed opening and an end of the wall. In order that the flow between the pairs of fines of the several groups may be equalized, equalizing passageways 40 are provided in the brickwork constituting the oven top and preferably in the plane of the oven chamber. between the crossover ducts of each group respectively, and in order that the flow between the several groups may be equalized I provide additional equalizing passageways 41 between the tops of adjacent fines of the consecutive groups. It is obvious, however. that these equalizing passageways between groups may be located in any portion of the top of the oven where they will not interfere with the feed openings. For instance, they are shown in Fig. 7, at 42, between the horizontal flow passage-ways 31 of adjacent groups, where by reason of their diminished cross-sectional area and their location only between groups, rather than between all of the fines of the groups they do not cause any substantial weakening of the wall structure.

In Fig. 8 they are shown at 43 in still a different position, that is, between inspection-flues which communicate with the end flues'of groups on opgosite sides ofa feed opening and referab y at the same level as orbelow t e horizontal portion of the crossover duct 30.

Where a crossover duct would normally lie too close to a feed opening to ermit the walls of the latter to be made 0 suflicient thickness I deflect said crossover as shown for instance at 32 to carry it away from said opening and since in so deflecting it a straight line communication may be afforded along the corresponding inspecting opening between one of the flues of a pair and the crossover duct which would tend to shunt the normal flow from that flue and tend to disturb equalization between the flues of that pair I provide in said shunt pathway a sliding brick 33 which may be moved away from the inspection opening to permit inspection or may be moved across the same during normal operation to prevent the shunting of the flow from said flue.

By the construction hereinbefore described it is clear that I provide equalization bet-ween the fines of interconnected pairs of heating walls, respectively. In order that all of such pairs of heating walls be equalized as between themselves, thus effecting equalization of the entire battery I provide equalizing channels in the oven top, longitudinally of the battery and connecting the equalizing passages 40 or the flow ducts 30 of the successive pairs of heating walls.

In the operation of the oven the flow from the fines of a pair to its crossover 30 will be equalized by the connecting passageway 31, the flow between the several pairs of a group by the equalizing passageways 40, the several groups will be equalized through the passageways 41, 42 or 43 between them, while flow between successive pairs of walls will be equalized by the equalizing channels 45. Thus complete equalization of the entire battery is'provided. The portions of the walls lying between passageways 31 effectively serve to brace the wall structure and thus strengthen it.

In the form of my invention exemplified in Figures 4, 5 and 6, I provide each flue of a given heating wall with an individual crossover duct 50, comprising a horizontal portion extending over the oven chamber and vertical leg portions 51 extending downwardly from the opposite ends of the horizontal portion, each leg portion communicating through a port with a flue on opposite sides of an oven chamber respectively. The inspection passages 55 may conveniently be placed in alignment with the leg portions 51 of the crossover duct, thus obviating the necessity of extending said passages independently to the bottom of the brickwork constituting the oven top, thereby materially increasing the strength of the walls.

Those crossover ducts which would otherwise lie too close to a feedopening 18 are deflected as shown at 56 in a manner similar oven top in any position where they willnot interfere with the feed openings 18, for instance, as shown at 62 in Fig.9 or at 63 in Fig. 10. In order to equalize pairs of fiued walls their crossover ducts 50 are shown connected to each other longitudinally of the battery by equalizing channels 65. All of the crossover ducts may be so. Interconnected or such inter-connections ma be made at such intervals as to insure substantially complete-equalizing action.

In this modification of my invention it will be obvious that the flow in all of the fiues will be equalized by the passageways 61, 62 or 63 and the flow between all-of the interconnected pairs of walls by the equalizing channels 65. Since the How ducts from the tops of the flues are of restricted cross-sectional area because they each serve only a single flue and since each is separated from the other by a substantial portion of the wall structure which serves to brace the latter great Wall strength is attained.

The invention as hereinabove set forth is embodied in a particular form of construction, but may be variously embodied within the scope of the claims hereinafter made.

I claim:

1. In a coking oven, or the like, in combination: a series of alternate heat treating chambers and heating walls therefor arranged laterally of each other in a row; each of said heat treating chambers having in its top a plurality of charging openings spaced from each other; each of said heating walls comprising vertical combustion fiues, the flues in each of the walls being divided into units of at least one flue each; ducts above one of said chambers individual to and communicably connecting one of said units in one of said walls with one of said units in another of said walls; equalizing passages located above said one of said chambers, each of said assages beingin communication with the d tween two consecutive charging openings,

respectively, to constitute groups of unlts respectively separated by said openings; and

other equalizlng passages in communication with a plurality of said groups of units sepucts which lie be-.

arated bv one of said charging openings'respectively. 2. The combination as claimed in claim 1,

in which said other equalizing passages extending longitudinally thereof.

5. In a coking oven, or the like, in combination: a series of alternate coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged laterally of each other in a row, each of said heating walls comprising combustion flues, the flues within each of said walls being communicably connected in pairs; ducts individual to and communicably connecting one of said pairs in one of said walls with one of said pairs in another of said walls; and equalizing passages through the partition walls between and in communication with adjacent flues of adjoining pairs of the flues in each wall.

6. The combination as defined in claim 1 and in which the flue units each comprise a pair of flues, and in which each flue of a pair of flues communicates with their said connecting duct through a flow path of substantially the same size and shape as the flow path for the other flue of the same pair.

7. In a coking oven, in combination: a series of alternate coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged laterally of each other in a row, each of said heating walls comprising a row of combustion flues, the row of combustion flues in each of the heating walls being divided into units of at least one flue each and the units in each of the rows being communicably connected with the units in one of the other heating walls, respectively, for assage of combustion products from the ues of one unit into and through the flues of the other unit, by ducts extending transversely of and past coking chambers intervening said units, said ducts being individual to and communic-ably connecting one of said units in one of the heating walls with one of said units in one of the other heating walls and being so distributed along each of the rows of flues that gas-flow may be controlled through each of the units in the respective rows for their respective posit-ions therein independently of gas-flow through the units in other positions in the same row therewith; and gas pressure equalizing passages respectively located in the portions of the oven structure, between the points of communication of the ducts with the flue units that the ducts connect respectivel and communicabl connecting the ducts or the flue units in t e respective rows of flues with the ducts for other flue units which lie in relatively difi'erent positions in their respective rows, said equalizing passages being separate from and independent of the communications between the respective ducts and the flues of the units with which said ducts communicate.

8. The combination as defined in claim 7 and in which the flue units each comprise a pair of flues, and in which each flue of a pair of flues communicates with their said conneeting duct through a flow path of substantially the same size and shape as the flow path for the other flue of the same pair.

9. In a coking oven, in combination: a series of alternate coking chambers and heatin walls therefor arranged laterally of each 0t er in a row; each 0 said heating walls comprising a row of combustion flues the row of combustion flues in each of the heating walls being divided into units of at least one flue each and the units in each of the rows being communicably connected with theunits in one of the other heating walls, respectively, for passage of combustion prod ucts from the flues of one unit'into and through the flues of the other unit by ducts individual to and communicably connecting one of said units in one of the heating walls with one of said units in one of the other heating walls, said ducts being so distributed along each of the rows of flues that gas flow may be controlled through each of the units in the respective rows for their respective positions therein independently of the gas flow through units in other positions in the same row therewith; and as pressure equalizing passages communicaily connecting the respective duct-interconnected units with other duct-interconnected units which lie in relatively different positions in their respective rows, said equalizing passages being separate from and independent of the communications between the respective ducts and the flues with which said ducts communicate.

10. The combination as defined in claim 9 and in which the heating walls are operatively disposed and interconnected in pairs by means of said ducts and in which other equalizing channels are provided between and in communication with the ducts of successive pairs of the duct-interconnected flue walls.

11. In a coking retort oven, in combination: a series of alternate coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged laterally of each other in a row, each of said heating walls comprising a row of combustion flues, the row of flues in each of the heating walls being divided into units of at least one flue each; the flues in one of the heating walls 'on one side of one of said cokin chambers being communicably connecte for passage of combustion products to and through the flues in one of the heating 6 walls on the opposite side of said coking chamber by a plurality of flow ducts extending transversely to and past said chamber, sald ducts being disposed along the length of the respective rows of flues in said heating walls and being individual to and communicablyconnectingone of sa id unitsin one of said heating walls with one of said units in the other of said walls, respectively; and a gas pressure equalizing passage common to the flues of both of said walls and located in a lane of the coking chamber, said passage eing separate from and independent of the communication between said ducts and the flues with which they communicate and directl communicably connecting the respective nets with another duct spaced therefrom along the respective rows of flues in said heating walls at points in the flow ducts between the points at which the respective flow ducts communicate with the flue units that they respectively connect.

12. In a coking oven, in combination: a series of alternate coking chambers and heatin walls therefor arranged laterally of each ot er in a row, each of said heating walls comprising vertical combustion flues, the flues of each of said heating walls being divided into units of at least one flue each; ducts individual to and communicably connecting one of said units in one of the heatin walls at the to of said unit with one of sai units in one o the other heating walls at the to of said unit; and equalizing passages exten ing though the tops of the vertical partition walls between ad acent vertical flues ofadjoining units of flues in each heating wall and in communication with said flues at their upper parts but beyond the communication of the duets with the flues of the units.

13. In a coking oven, in combination: a series of alternate coking chambers and heat- ,ing walls therefor arranged laterally of each other in a row; each of the heating walls on opposite sides of one of said coking chambers comprising a row of vertical combustion flues divided into units of at least one flue each; a multiplicity of crossover conduits crossing the coking chamber and respectively communicably connecting one of said units in one of the heating walls on one side of the coking chamber at the top of said unit with one of said units in one of the the heating walls on the opposite side of the coking chamber at the top of said unit for passage of combastion products from the top of one of said units into the top of and through the other of said units; and gas pressure equalizing passages through the tops of the partition c5 walls between and in communication with the tops of adjacent flues of adjoining units of flues in each of said walls.

14. In a coking oven, in combination: a series of alternate coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged laterally of each other in a row; each of the heating walls on opposite sides of one of said coking chambers comprising a row of vertical. combustion flues; a multiplicity of cross-over ducts crossing over the coking chamber and communicabl connecting the combustion flues in one of t e heating walls on one side of the coking chamber at the tops of said flues with the combustion flues in one of the heating walls on the opposite side of the coking chamber at the tops of said flues, for passage of combustion products from the flues of one of said walls into the top of and through the combustion flues in the other ofsaid walls; and gas pressure equalizing passages located above the levels of the tops of said combustion flues and respectively communicably connecting a plurality of" the cross-over conduits which respectively communicably connect combustion flues in the heating wall on one side of the coking chamber with combustion flues in the heating wall on the opposite side of the coking chamber, said pressure equalizing passages being separate from and independent of the communication of the respective cross-over conduits with the combustion flues with which they respectively communicate.

15. In a coking oven, in combination: a series of alternate coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged laterally of each other in a row; each of said heating walls comprising vertical combustion flues divided into units of at least one flue each; a multiplicity of cross-over ducts crossin over one of said coking chambers and respectively communicably connecting one of the units in one of the heating walls on one side of the cokin chamber at the to of said unit with one 0 the units in one o the heating walls on the opposite side of the same coking chamber at the top of said unit for passage of combustion products from the units of one of said heatin walls to and through the units of the ot er of said walls; separating partitions separating the respective communications in each heating wall of adjacent units with the cross-over conduits from each other for controlling gas flow for each unit independently of the other units in the same wall therewith; and gas pressure equalizing passages located above the levels of the tops of the combustion flues and respectively communicably connecting for gas pressure-flow the cross-over conduits for one of said units in one of said walls with the cross-over conduit for another of said units in the same wall therewith and that is separated therefrom by one of the aforesaid separating partitions.

16. In a coking retort oven battery comprising a series of alternate coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged laterally of each other, with a row of vertical c )mbustion flues in each of the heating walls, and with the vertical combustion flues in each of the heating walls communicably connected at their-tops with the tops of vertical combustion flues in one of others of the heating walls, for ofi-flow of combustion products therethrough, by means of cross-over p as- I sages extending over the intervening cokmg chambers, and with the cross-over passages distributed lengthwise of the respective intervening coking chambers, for accommodatin gas flow from vertical flues in diflerent por tions of each row of flues, respectively, the combination of gas pressure equalizing passages located above the levels of the tops of the combustion flues and respectively communicably connecting one of the cross-over passages for vertical flues in one portion of the battery relative to the length of the respective rows of flues with another crossover passage for vertical flues in a relatively different portion of the battery relative to the length at the respective rows of flues, said equalizing passa es being separate from and independent of t e commumcation of the respective cross-over passages with the flues with which they respectively communicate.

17. In a coking retort oven battery comprising a series of alternate coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged laterally of each other, with a row of vertical combustion flues in the respective heating walls divided into units of at least one flue each and with the units of the heating walls communicably connected at their tops with the tops of units in others of said heating walls, for ofi-flow ofcombustion products therethrough, by means of cross-over passages extending over intervening coking chambers and with said cross-over passages distributed lengthwise of the respective intervening coking chambers for accommodating gas flow from units in difierent of vertical flues, respectively, and with se arating partitions separating from each ot er the communication between the res ective units and cross-over passages of a jacent units in each of said walls for controlling gas flow for each unit in each wall independently of other units in the same wall therewith, the combination of gas pressure equalizing passages located above the levels of the tops of the combustion flues and respectively communicably connecting for gas pressure flow the cross-over passage of one of said units in one of said walls with the cross-over passage for another of said units in the same wall therewith and separated therefrom by one of the aforesaid separating partitions.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

JOSEPH BECKER.

ortions of each row 

